Hot Spots 04/06/04

Hotspots Digest
Tuesday - March 8, 2005 To Tuesday - March 15, 2005

AMERICAS
Argentina (4)
Bolivia (4)
Canada
Colombia
Ecuador (3)
Guatemala (3)
Jamaica
Peru
United States
Venezuela (2)

ASIA
Afghanistan (2)
India (2)
Kyrgyz Republic
Nepal
Pakistan

EUROPE
Belgium (2)
France (6)
Ireland
Italy (4)
Serbia - Montenegro (Kosovo) (2)
United Kingdom

MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA
Israel
Lebanon (4)
Saudi Arabia
Tunisia

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
Côte d'Ivoire (2)
Equatorial Guinea
Sierra Leone (2)
South Africa

GOVERNMENT WARNINGS
Haiti
Indonesia
Malaysia (2)
Nepal
Serbia - Montenegro
Lebanon
Syria
Yemen
Rwanda
Worldwide (2)

AMERICAS

Argentina: At 2222 local time on 14 March 2005, a United Airlines aircraft
that was preparing to take off from Ministro Pistarini "Ezeiza"
International Airport (SAEZ/EZE) in Buenos Aires had to abort the maneuver
after the left engine of the Boeing 767 caught fire. Firefighters
immediately evacuated the approximately 200 passengers. At least two people
sustained minor injuries. Operations at the airport were suspended for
approximately four hours and resumed at 0230 local time on 15 March. The
cause of the incident is still under investigation.

Argentina: Two trains collided in the Palermo neighborhood in Buenos Aires
on 10 March 2005. According to reports, both trains -- operated by Trenes
de Buenos Aires -- were traveling to Retiro, in central Buenos Aires. One
of the trains collided with a stationary train that was waiting on the
tracks for a signal to continue traveling into the station. At least 130
people were injured in the mishap.

Argentina: Pro-government picketing groups will protest nationwide on 11
March 2005 in front of Royal Dutch Shell gas stations and the company's
headquarters in Buenos Aires. Demonstrators will protest against the
company's increase in fuel prices, which came into effect on 10 March. The
price increase also prompted President Nestor Kirchner to call for a
national boycott on the company. According to local reports, hundreds of
demonstrators rallied on 10 March in front of the company's headquarters in
downtown Buenos Aires following Kirchner's television broadcast.

Argentina: On 10 March 2005, members of the National Picketing Block -- an
umbrella organization of picketing groups -- are demonstrating in Buenos
Aires to demand an increase in unemployment benefits, the creation of
stable jobs and to protest against the payment of the country's foreign
debt. According to local sources, the demonstrators gathered in the
Avellaneda train station, from where they proceeded to the downtown area
via the Pueyrredon Bridge. The demonstrators also plan to protest in front
of the Social Development Ministry. Similar demonstrations and road
blockages are scheduled to take place nationwide.

Bolivia: On 15 March 2005, the Bolivian Labor Union (COB) launched a
48-hour nationwide general strike to demand that oil royalties be increased
to 50 percent, up from 18 percent. The union is also demanding the
nationalization of the hydrocarbons industry. Road blockages are expected
nationwide. A social summit that took place in Cochabamba on 14 March --
the objective of which was to negotiate an end to the social conflict --
failed after several sectors involved in the conflict did not participate.
Meanwhile, as of 15 March, the Cochabamba-Santa Cruz highway remained
blocked.

Bolivia: Supporters of President Carlos Mesa demonstrated nationwide on 10
March 2005 against the road blockages that indigenous leaders are
organizing, which have been affecting travel throughout the country almost
on a daily basis. According to local reports, approximately 5,000 people
gathered in Plaza Murillo Square in downtown La Paz in support of Mesa.
Similar demonstrations were reported in Cochabamba, Sucre, Trinidad, Oruro
and Santa Cruz. Public employees in the capital city were granted half a
day off to participate in the demonstration. During the demonstration, Mesa
vowed to crack down on road blockers; however, road blockages continued
nationwide. Negotiations between the government and indigenous leaders were
suspended after a meeting late on 10 March.

Meanwhile, in Santa Cruz, bus drivers and police officers clashed on 10
March after the drivers armed themselves with sticks and rocks, and marched
to the headquarters of the Transit Authority to retrieve the vehicles that
were seized during a road blockage on 9 March. The clashes lasted for
approximately three hours. Several injuries were reported while several
vehicles -- mostly police vehicles -- were damaged. As of 11 March, public
transportation is not available in Santa Cruz, as the drivers continue with
their strike to demand an increase in bus fares.

Bolivia: On 8 March 2005, the Bolivian Congress unanimously rejected
President Carlos Mesa's resignation, leaving him in office. The vote came a
day after Mesa submitted his resignation in response to continuous
demonstrations and road blockages fueled primarily by leftist indigenous
leaders. The Congress also approved a social pact -- which was Mesa's
condition to withdraw his resignation -- that would provide a prompt and
viable solution to the country's social conflict.

Despite the fact that the opposition legislators rejected Mesa's
resignation and negotiated the social pact -- although they did not sign it
-- road blockages will continue in the city of El Alto. Mesa has called for
nationwide demonstrations at 1200 local time on 9 March in rejection of
road blockages. Security forces have been deployed near the presidential
palace and along the La Paz-El Alto Highway.

Bolivia: Clashes were reported in Santa Cruz on 9 March 2005 after
approximately 6,000 bus drivers blocked roads in the city and increased bus
fares. Police officers reportedly used tear gas to disperse the
demonstrators while angry passengers attacked several buses. According to
reports, six police officers were injured and 88 demonstrators were
arrested. Although bus drivers have desisted from blocking roads, on 10
March they launched a general strike, therefore, bus services are not
available in Santa Cruz.

Meanwhile, road blockages continued nationwide on 9 March, after indigenous
leaders rejected the social governability pact signed on 8 March as a
condition established by President Carlos Mesa to remain in office, and
vowed to intensify their demonstrations until their demands are met. Mesa
threatened to arrest and prosecute road blockers, which he had previously
refused to do. Demonstrations against road blockages will take place
nationwide beginning at 1200 local time on 10 March.

Canada: Canadian discount operator Jetsgo grounded all aircraft and ceased
operations on 11 March 2005 due to unfavorable market conditions and stiff
competition. No alternative transportation arrangements have been made for
stranded passengers, although officials at WestJet and Air Canada stated
that their carriers would try to accommodate them. Although it is not known
how many passengers are affected by the cancellations, the number is
thought to be high as March is a peak travel season.

Colombia: At 1059 local time on 8 March 2005, an earthquake with a
magnitude of 5.2 on the Richter scale was felt along six departments in
western Colombia. The epicenter was located in the La Victoria municipality
in the Valle del Cauca Department, located in the southwest. According to
local reports, two people were injured and at least 30 houses were
partially destroyed as a consequence of the earthquake.

Ecuador: On 10 March 2005, a protest in Quito to demand student
identification cards resulted in violence after police officers used tear
gas to disperse the approximately 2,000 protesters who were blocking Diez
de Agosto Avenue. The students reportedly responded by throwing rocks. At
least 40 demonstrators were arrested and several others were injured.
Violence was also reported during another student demonstration in Cuenca.
Protests also took place in Carchi, Cotopaxi, Tungurahua, Chimborazo,
Sucumbios, Orellana, Napo and Loja. The I.D. cards will allow the students
to obtain discounts of 50 percent on bus fares and public events.

Ecuador: Beginning at approximately 0900 local time on 9 March, health
workers took to the streets of downtown Quito to demand salary hikes and
the allotment of more resources for the healthcare sector in the 2006
budget. According to reports, approximately 5,000 people took part in the
demonstration, which ended at 1630 in front of the congressional building.
No violence was reported, although police officers had to intervene to
control a group of demonstrators who tried to force their way into the
congressional building. The demonstration was part of a nationwide strike
that was launched on 21 February.

Ecuador: According to reports, the Mariscal Lamar Airport (SECU/CUE) in
Cuenca will remain closed on 9 March 2005 as a result of a failure in the
radio system, which was caused by lightning on 7 March. Passengers who are
book for international flights from this facility are being transported by
ground to Quito and Guayaquil. The airport is expected to reopen late on 9
March or early on 10 March.

Guatemala: Protests took place throughout Guatemala on 14 March 2005 over
Congress' vote to ratify the Central American Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA).
Protesters blocked numerous roads and highways, and many schools in major
cities were closed for the day. A group of approximately 4,000 protesters
reportedly threw stones and bottles at presidential palace police guards in
Guatemala City. In response, police officers fired tear gas and water
cannons at the crowd. Nineteen people were injured and two were arrested.

Guatemala: Demonstrators and police officers clashed during a second day of
protests in Guatemala City on 9 March 2005. The demonstrators, who were
protesting the legislative debate on the signing of the Central American
Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA), threw rocks, sticks and bottles at police
officers, who responded by firing tear gas and water cannons. Five people
were reportedly injured in the confrontation. Congress will attempt to vote
on the trade agreement for the third time on 10 March.

Guatemala: Protesters clashed with police officers outside of the
congressional building in Guatemala City on 8 March 2005. The legislative
session was cancelled as protesters blocked governmental officials from
entering the building. The action was to protest legislative debate
concerning Guatemala's entry into the Central American Free Trade Agreement
(CAFTA) with the United States and other Central American countries. The
debate is scheduled to resume on 9 March.

Jamaica: Employees of an airlift handlers' association, contracted with Air
Jamaica to unload aircraft cargo, conducted a strike at Kingston Norman
Manley International Airport (MKJP/KIN) on 10 March 2005. The strike was to
protest unfavorable working conditions, and it is not known how the strike
affected air traffic. Reports do not indicate if the strike has ended.

Peru: According to reports, at least 10 people were injured and several
others were arrested during a demonstration that took place on 8 March 2005
in Huaraz (Ancash Department) against the Canadian-owned Barrick and the
Australian-owned Antamina mining companies. Clashes occurred after
anti-riot police officers prevented the demonstrators from reaching one of
the mining settlements. Protests against the mining companies began on 7
March, when 11 injuries were reported. The demonstrators, who have the
support of the local government, are demanding additional investments from
the mining companies to protect the environment. Thousands are reportedly
taking part in the protests.

United States: A Union Pacific freight train derailed in City of Industry,
located outside of Los Angeles, California, at approximately 0930 local
time on 8 March 2005. Several of the 21 derailed cars were carrying a
flammable substance, which began leaking at the accident site.
Approximately 200 people were subsequently evacuated from a nearby
commercial center. Metrolink services on the Riverside line were severely
affected and remain cancelled on 9 March. The cause of the derailment
remains under investigation, but police officials state that there is no
evidence to suggest that the train collided with an object. No injuries
were reported.

Venezuela: According to reports, at approximately 0915 local time on 8
March 2005, a Cessna Citation 500 aircraft, registration YV-21CP, overran
the runway and crashed at the Oscar Machado Zuloaga "Caracas" Airport
(SVCS/CCS). The aircraft, which is owned by the Anapuya Company, had
arrived from Simon Bolivar International Airport in Maiquetia. According to
the Civil Aviation Institute, at the time of the accident the airport was
operating under Instrument Flight Rules (IFR) due to inclement weather
conditions. The pilot and co-pilot were killed when the aircraft exploded.

Venezuela: Clashes that occurred during a protest early on 8 March 2005 in
La Victoria (Aragua State) resulted in one death and at least 13 injuries.
According to reports, a group of students was protesting against an
increase in bus fares. School has been suspended statewide in order to
avoid additional protests. No further information is available at the
moment.

ASIA

Afghanistan: Two bombs exploded outside the offices of Coordination of
Humanitarian Assistance, a Western-funded aid group, on 9 March 2005 in
Maimana, the provincial capital of the northwestern province of Faryab.
Minor damage resulted from the first explosion, while the second explosion
-- occurring moments after the first -- wounded four people. Police
officials believe that the bombs were detonated via remote control and
suspect that former Taliban militia are responsible for the attack.

Afghanistan: On 8 March 2005, assailants shot and killed a British national
who was the director of MicroFinance Investment and Support Facility and
worked as an advisor with the Afghani Ministry of Rural Development and
Rehabilitation. The attack occurred at approximately 1015 local time in
downtown Kabul across the street from the Dutch Embassy and the main
guesthouse for U.N. workers. According to Afghani officials, the attackers
used two vehicles, with one vehicle pulling in front of the Briton's car
while a gunman fired from a second vehicle. Kabul police officials are
investigating the shooting.

India: More than 45,000 workers from Mumbai's state-run transportation
company, Brihanmumbai Electricity Supply and Transport Undertaking (BEST),
began an indefinite strike on 11 March 2005. Traffic was significantly
affected as commuters had to find alternative modes of transportation to
replace the service of more than 3,000 cancelled buses. Protesters threw
bricks and damaged buses at several locations throughout the city,
including Nagpada and Ghatkopar. Five people were injured in the violence.
The strike is the result of failed labor negotiations.

India: Separatists planted five bombs in Assam's main city, Guwahati, on 10
March 2005. One bomb was defused at an airline counter in Guwahati's
Lokapriya Gopinath Bordoloi International Airport (VEGT/GAU), while another
one exploded in the airport's parking lot. Other bombs went off at
approximately the same time in various other public places, including
outside of a hospital. Five other bombs went off outside of Guwahati. Four
people were injured in the day's attacks, but only minimal damage was
reported.

Kyrgyz Republic: Approximately 3,000 protesters occupied a regional
government building in Talas, located approximately 250 mi/402 km west of
Bishkek, on 14 March 2005 and abducted two regional governors who continue
to be held hostage on 15 March. Similarly on 14 March, more than 10,000
protesters stormed a district administration building in Uzgen; no
incidents of violence were reported. The protesters are demanding the
resignation of President Askar Akayev and the cancellation of the 13 March
parliamentary run-off election results. The protesters allege election
fraud in both the run-off election and first round of elections held on 27
February, both of which returned a parliament loyal to the president.
Rallies have occurred nationwide since 6 March.

Nepal: Political officials announced on 11 March 2005 that protests and
rallies of increasing intensity will be conducted throughout Nepal
beginning on 14 March. The demonstrations will be in defiance of a public
meeting ban, and are to protest the state of emergency declared by King
Gyanendra and to "intensify [the] movement against the royal government."
Security officials have quickly quelled previous protests, conducting
widespread arrests.

Pakistan: Unidentified assailants opened fire on a truck transporting aid
workers near Shna Khwara, located in North Waziristan, on 9 March 2005. Two
people -- an aid worker and a driver -- were injured in the attack. The aid
agency, South Fata Development Project, works with local farmers and women.
The nationalities of the aid workers are unknown.

EUROPE

Belgium: On 10 March 2005, a group of approximately 60 unarmed Iranians
staged a protest by refusing to disembark a Lufthansa aircraft shortly
after landing at Brussels National Airport (EBBR/BRU). The passengers
called for the removal of Iran's Islamic leaders and a return of the
monarchy, and demanded to speak with a member of the European Parliament to
discuss their dissatisfaction with the EU's policies toward Iran.
Negotiations with the group were fruitless, and police officers eventually
entered the aircraft after approximately 14 hours, forcing the protesters
to leave.

Belgium: Air traffic was completely halted throughout Belgium on 10 March
2005 as a result of a spontaneous air traffic controller strike, which
began at 1130 local time (1030 UTC) and ended at 1330 (1230 UTC). No
aircraft departed or landed at Brussels National Airport (EBBR/BRU), and
traffic disruptions were also reported at Brussels South Airport (EBCI/CRL)
in Charleroi. Although air traffic controllers have resumed operations,
some flights are experiencing delays. Organizers reportedly called the
strike to demand better working conditions.

France: A homemade bomb exploded in a restaurant in Ajaccio early on 14
March 2005. The blast severely damaged the restaurant, but there were no
reports of injuries. No group immediately claimed responsibility for the
attack. However, the incident comes amid the trial of a Corsican
nationalist in Paris who is accused of leading an organized criminal group.
In response to the trial, the National Liberation Front for the Liberation
of Corsica-Union of Fighters (FLNC-UC) called off a 15-month truce and
pledged to step up attacks.

France: Cross-channel travelers have been advised not to use ferry services
to cross the English Channel as construction workers attempt to make
repairs necessitated by the collapse of a loading bay in Calais that
occurred in February 2005. Ferry operators are recommending that the
travelers avoid channel travel from 14-16 March 2005.

France: A bomb exploded outside of a local government office on rue Peraldi
in southern Ajaccio shortly after 0000 local time on 11 March 2005. The
blast slightly injured two people and caused minor damage to the building.
The incident comes amid the start of a trial for a Corsican nationalist
accused of leading an organized criminal group. On 9 March the National
Liberation Front for the Liberation of Corsica-Union of Fighters (FLNC-UC)
called off a 15-month truce, stating that it is "stepping up the struggle
across all fronts -- with no exception." As a result of the explosion and
the FLNC-UC threat, Corsican security officials have increased security at
all public buildings. The bomb is the sixth to have exploded in Corsica
since 6 March, including explosions at government offices in Sarrola and
Corte.

France: Winegrowers clashed with police officers during a demonstration in
Montpellier on 9 March 2005. Protesters threw burning trash, firecrackers,
bottles and sheet steel at police officers, who responded to the violence
by firing tear gas canisters. Protesters also set fire to tires throughout
the city and attempted to break through police barricades. A security agent
was injured when protesters set his scooter on fire. Two people were
arrested. The demonstration was to protest the lack of government
viticultural aid.

France: Nationwide strikes and protests are significantly disrupting daily
life throughout France on 10 March 2005. Air traffic is running at 25
percent capacity at Orly Airport (LFPO/ORY) and at 75 percent at
Roissy-Charles de Gaulle Airport (LFPG/CDG). The minimum delay for most
flights is 45 minutes. Air traffic controllers and airport firefighters are
participating in the strike. Transportation delays are affecting 55 cities
with TGV and TER trains running at 50 percent capacity, Corail at 30
percent capacity and Paris RER and metro service at no more than 25 percent
capacity. Eurostar and Thalys train service is said to be "quasi normal."
Ferry service between Calais and Dover is disrupted, as is maritime traffic
at the Havre port. Strikes are also affecting banks, post offices and
electricity and gas services. There are reports of more than 150
demonstrations throughout the country. The strikes are to protest
government economic policies and to defend the 35-hour work-week.

France: A coalition of seven labor unions will conduct marches and strikes
nationwide on 10 March 2005. All public transportation will be
significantly delayed. TGV trains will run at 50 percent capacity, regional
trains at 33 percent and RER suburban trains at 25 percent. Metro and bus
services will be delayed in more than 50 cities. Eurostar train services to
London are expected to operate normally. Aviation officials stated that air
traffic delays are certain, as air traffic controllers are likely to
participate in the strike. No flights have yet been cancelled. Delays could
begin as early as 1930 local time on 9 March and could last through 10
March. The strike is to protest government economic policies, including the
35-hour work-week.

In a related event, more than 40,000 students marched through central Paris
-- predominantly in the 5th arrondissement -- on 8 March to protest
educational reforms. Anti-riot police officers fired tear gas canisters at
protesters who broke several store windows and vandalized public telephone
booths. Eight people were arrested. Protests also occurred in Lyon,
Toulouse, Lille, Marseille and Rouen.

Ireland: All rail services in Cork were cancelled during the morning of 10
March 2005 as a result of a National Bus and Rail Workers' Union strike.
Affected services included trains linking Cork with Dublin and Tralee, and
commuter trains servicing transportation to Mallow and Cobh. Train services
are expected to resume normal operations later in the day.

Italy: Flight attendants with Alitalia, the Italian flag carrier, are
scheduled to hold a one-day strike on 16 March 2005. The strike is expected
to affect flights departing from airports in Milan and Rome, although a
limited number of flights guaranteed by Italy's civil aviation authority
will operate between 0700 and 1000 local time (0600 to 0900 UTC) and 1800
and 2100 local time (1700 to 2000 UTC). Alitalia has canceled a total of 88
flights in anticipation of the strike, including 32 international, 54
domestic and two intercontinental flights.

Italy: An explosive device detonated at approximately 1200 local time on 13
March 2005 at a church in Motta di Livenza, which is located approximately
195 mi/315 km east of Milan. The device was reportedly hidden in an
electric candle, and injured three people upon detonation. Police officials
believe that the "Italian Unabomber," suspected in more than one dozen
similar incidents in northern Italy, is responsible for the attack.

Italy: Transportation workers are conducting a nationwide strike on 9 March
2005. The strike began at 0830 local time (0730 UTC) and is affecting bus,
subway and tram service. Transportation officials stated that minimum
service will be provided during rush hour. The strike is to protest a
reduction in salary.

Italy: A bomb exploded at approximately 0300 local time on 8 March 2005
outside the facilities of a right-wing cultural organization in Rome's
Colle Oppio district. The bomb caused damage to the facility and to
vehicles parked nearby, but there were no casualties. There has been no
claim of responsibility for the attack, and police officials have not
identified any suspects.

Serbia - Montenegro (Kosovo): At approximately 0820 local time (0720 UTC)
on 15 March 2005, a bomb exploded on a street in Pristina as Kosovo's
President Ibrahim Rugova was passing in his vehicle. The bomb was placed in
a nearby garbage can and police officials suspect that it was detonated via
remote control. Nearby buildings sustained damage and a member of the
presidential escort sustained injuries as a result of the blast; Rugova was
not injured in the attack.

Concern about increased violence has been high in Kosovo since former Prime
Minister Ramush Haradinaj resigned on 8 March and traveled to The Hague to
face war crime charges. The NATO-led peacekeeping force KFOR deployed an
additional 1,000 troops to Kosovo to prevent ethnic unrest. However, thus
far there have been no serious incidents of violence connected to
Haradinaj's case. It is not known if the bomb attack on Rugova is related
to Haradinaj's resignation.

Serbia - Montenegro (Kosovo): Kosovo Prime Minister Ramush Haradinaj, an
ethnic Albanian, resigned on 8 March 2005 due to a U.N. court indictment
for war crimes committed during the 1998-1999 war against Serbia. Following
the announcement, the United Nations raised its threat level for Kosovo and
500 additional NATO troops have been deployed to the area to prevent ethnic
unrest. Although there have been no reports of protests or violence, a NATO
official stated that "the security situation is not as good as we want it
to be." The United Nations has reportedly recommended that its
non-essential staff in western Kosovo not show up for work. Haradinaj's
base of support is in western Kosovo, and concern of potential unrest is
highest in this part of the province.

United Kingdom: Cross-channel travelers have been advised not to use ferry
services to cross the English Channel as construction workers attempt to
make repairs necessitated by the collapse of a loading bay in Calais that
occurred in February 2005. Ferry operators are recommending that the
travelers avoid channel travel from 14-16 March 2005.

MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA

Israel: Opponents of the disengagement plan (which involves withdrawing
Israeli troops from and abandoning Jewish settlements in the Gaza Strip)
set up a barricade of burning tires in the northbound lanes of the Ayalon
Highway near Tel Aviv at approximately 1900 local time (1700 UTC) on 14
March 2005. The demonstration took place between the Hashiva and the
Kibbutz Galuyot intersections. The protest brought traffic to a standstill
until firefighters and police officers arrived on the scene to remove the
protesters. The demonstrators did not resist the police officers, but
several were arrested.

In a related event, other anti-disengagement demonstrators will erect a
protest tent close to the Yad Vashem Holocaust Memorial in Jerusalem on 15
March to protest the withdrawal of Israeli settlers from Gush Katif.

Lebanon: Pro-Syrian activists staged an anti-U.S. protest in Beirut on 15
March 2005. Approximately 2,000-3,000 protesters marched to the U.S.
Embassy compound. Police officers and soldiers erected barricades to block
the marchers approximately 500 yards from the embassy itself, and the
protesters did not attempt to break through the barricades. Participants
blame the United States for putting pressure on Syria to withdraw troops
from Lebanon and to disarm the Hizballah militia.

There were no reports of violence during the march. The U.S. Embassy had
closed in anticipation of the demonstration as a precautionary measure.

Lebanon: Hundreds of thousands of people assembled in Beirut's Martyrs'
Square on 14 March 2005 for a rally marking one month since the
assassination of former Prime Minister Rafik Hariri. Demonstrations are
also expected on 15 March in an area near the U.S. Embassy. The rallies
have thus far been peaceful, but the government is allegedly considering a
ban on demonstrations after 14 March, which raises concerns of
confrontations in the future.

Meanwhile, a pro-Syrian rally took place on 13 March in the southern town
of Nabatiyeh. An estimated 100,000 people participated in that rally, which
was organized by the Hizballah militia.

Lebanon: On 10 March 2005, Lebanon's president reappointed pro-Syrian Prime
Minister Omar Karami, who stepped down on 28 February in response to
largedemonstrations in Beirut. Karami's task of forming Lebanon's new cabinet
will begin next week. Upon reappointment, Karami asked the opposition to
join him in a national unity government, but opposition leaders remain
skeptical of the invitation, saying it would leave them powerless.

Lebanon: As previously announced, the Shiite Lebanese organization
Hizballah organized a pro-Syrian demonstration in Beirut on 8 March 2005.
An estimated 200,000 people assembled only a few blocks away from Martyrs'
Square -- which has become a center for anti-Syrian demonstrations.
Protesters chanted slogans against foreign interference and expressed
gratitude for Syria's role in Lebanon. There was a heavy presence of
Hizballah-affiliated gunmen in the area where the demonstration took place.
There were no reports of violence or disturbances.

Saudi Arabia: Saudi security forces clashed with suspected militants in
Jeddah's al-Rabwah district on 13 March 2005. Security forces surrounded a
residential building after receiving information that a wanted militant was
hiding there. They closed off nearby streets and schools and called on the
suspected militants to surrender. A half-hour battle ensued when the
militants ignored the call. In the course of the fighting, one suspect was
killed, one was wounded, and police officers captured two others. Seventeen
people, including police officers and civilians, were also injured, while
one civilian was killed in the cross-fire as she attempted to leave the
building.

In a separate incident on 14 March, security forces clashed with gunmen in
the Khalidiya district of the city of Buraida, located approximately 210
mi/340 km northwest of Riyadh, the capital. No information is available on
whether there were casualties from the clash.

Tunisia: A previously unknown organization calling itself Jihadi Jund
al-Islam Group has posted a statement on an Islamist Website threatening a
wave of bombings against foreign embassies in Tunis in order to block a
possible visit by Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon to the country in
November 2005. The authenticity of the statement has not been verified.

Tunisian President Zine al-Abidine Ben Ali has invited Sharon to attend a
scientific conference in Tunis in November 2005. The decision gave rise to
an attempt to stage a protest in Tunis on 4 March, but police officials
intervened to break up the gathering.

SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA

Côte d'Ivoire: Local reports issued on 14 March 2005 indicate that a wave
of protests will occur throughout Côte d'Ivoire from 19 March until 4
April. The Alliance des Jeunes (a group of pro-government youth activists)
will conduct a protest to demand the departure of U.N. peacekeepers --
whose mandate is set to expire on 4 April -- and will reportedly
demonstrate in Abidjan despite a ban on all public meetings. This group is
said to be responsible for the looting and violence that erupted in Abidjan
in November 2004.

Other groups will organize protests throughout the country to demand the
removal of French peacekeepers. The protests will begin in western cities
and will move across the country to conclude with a large-scale rally in
Yamoussoukro on 2 April. Protesters in Abidjan will wear a red arm or
headband instead of conducting demonstrations.

Côte d'Ivoire: Concern of a resumption of armed conflict between rebels and
pro-government forces has increased as rebel troops have regrouped along
the buffer zone that divides the country into rebel and
government-controlled areas. Local reports indicate that Guillaume Soro,
leader of the Forces Nouvelles rebels, announced in a public statement on
10 March that troops have been mobilized, and security and defense measures
have been adopted along the buffer zone in response to increased
hostilities with pro-government militias. Additional reports confirm that
rebel and government troops have been placed on maximum alert, but
government officials deny allegations that they are planning an imminent
attack.

Fighting has been reported in several villages along the Guiglo-Blolßquin
highway. The largest incident of resumed conflict occurred on 28 February
in Logoualß, in which more than 70 people were detained. U.N. peacekeepers
have reportedly moved into the area in an attempt to prevent further
violence. Unconfirmed local reports indicate that as many as 200 people
have been injured or killed in the fighting and that several thousand
others have been displaced as they have sought refuge in nearby villages.

Equatorial Guinea: On 11 March 2005, there are reports that the cholera
outbreak that hit the country on 25 February has spread significantly.
According to unofficial sources, the outbreak has spread to more than 2,000
people, who have overwhelmed the country's two public hospitals in Malabo
and Bata. It is unclear thus far if there are more cases than reported as
the Equatorial Guinea government has not made any official statement except
to acknowledge the original outbreak and the deaths that occurred as a
result.

Sierra Leone: Reports issued on 14 March 2005 indicate that refugees
abducted more than nine people from the U.N. High Commission for Refugees
(UNHCR), the World Food Program (WFP) and other NGOs in the district of
Kenema on 10 March. Refugees allege that the aid workers were selling food
items instead of distributing them, and a riot ensued. Four police officers
sustained injuries in the fray and at least two police vehicles were
damaged. Three people were subsequently arrested. The aid workers, of
unknown nationality, have since been released.

Sierra Leone: Reports issued on 15 March 2005 indicate that a fuel shortage
is affecting transportation in Sierra Leone. Local oil officials state that
the resumption of sporadic fighting in Côte d'Ivoire has caused these
shortages as much of Sierra Leone's petroleum is processed in Côte
d'Ivoire. Commercial vehicles in Freetown are reportedly charging
passengers three times the regular transportation fare, and air and
maritime traffic to Abidjan is cancelled. It is not known how the shortage
is affecting transportation for international travelers. The possibility
remains that the fuel shortage could affect electricity supplies in
Freetown as much of the city is run off of generators.

South Africa: On 8 March 2005, the South African Transport Workers Union
(SATAWU) announced that it was ending its strike and will resume work on 9
March. The announcement came after a meeting late on 7 March between union
leaders and employers, in which an agreement was reached to increase wages
by 7 percent. The strike commenced on 26 February and halted the flow of
commerce and caused fuel shortages in some areas of the country.

GOVERNMENT WARNINGS

Haiti: The U.S. Department of State issued the following Travel Warning for
Haiti on 13 March 2005: "Americans are reminded of the potential for
spontaneous demonstrations and violent confrontations between armed groups.
Visitors and residents must remain vigilant due to the absence of an
effective police force in much of Haiti; the potential for looting; the
presence of intermittent roadblocks set by armed gangs or by the police;
and the possibility of random violent crime, including kidnapping,
car-jacking, and assault.

"Travel can be hazardous within Port-au-Prince. Some areas are off-limits
to embassy staff, including downtown Port-au-Prince after dark. The embassy
has imposed a curfew from 9:00 p.m. to 5:00 a.m., which could change
periodically. Staff members must remain in their homes or in U.S.
government facilities during the hours covered by the curfew. The embassy
has limited travel by its staff outside of Port-au-Prince and the ability
to provide emergency services to U.S. citizens outside of Port-Au-Prince
remains extremely limited. U.S. businesses continue to operate in Haiti,
but take special precautions to protect their facilities and personnel. The
UN stabilization force (MINUSTAH) is fully deployed and is assisting the
government of Haiti in providing security. They have challenged violent
gangs and have moved into some gang enclaves. ..."

Indonesia: On 11 March 2005, the U.S. Embassy in Jakarta issued the
following Warden Message: "The U.S. Embassy and the U.S. Consulate General
are aware of a possible bomb threat against World Trade Center Mangga Dua
in North Jakarta for the period 11-14 March. Americans in Jakarta should
avoid the area surrounding this facility which is located near the
intersection of Jalan Gunung Sahari and Jalan Mangga Dua Raya. ..."

Malaysia: On 10 March 2005, the U.S. Embassy in Kuala Lumpur issued a
Warden Message regarding a possible threat against the facility, stating:
"The American Embassy in Kuala Lumpur has received information from the
Malaysian government regarding an anonymous, unverified threat in central
Kuala Lumpur. The U.S. government is working with the Malaysian authorities
to try to verify this information. American citizens may notice an increase
in security around Kuala Lumpur as a precautionary measure. U.S. citizens
should refer to the current Worldwide Caution dated March 8, 2005 for
current security guidance."

Malaysia: On 7 March 2005, the U.S. Embassy in Kuala Lumpur issued the
following Warden Message: "In light of the recent arrest of several
American citizens in connection with the illegal immigration sweeps
Malaysian police and immigration authorities are conducting, the U.S.
Embassy would like to remind Americans to carry appropriate identification
documents at all times. ..."

Nepal: The Foreign Affairs Canada Consular Affairs Bureau issued the
following travel advisory on 14 March 2005: "Canadian tourists should not
travel to Nepal. Canadians traveling on business should evaluate carefully
the implications for their security and safety before deciding to travel to
Nepal. Canadians in Nepal should regularly review their personal
circumstances to determine if their continued presence is warranted. If
Canadians feel their personal safety is threatened, they should consider
departing from Nepal.

"On February 1, 2005, Nepal's King Gyanendra dismissed the country's
government and declared a state of emergency. Kathmandu's Tribhuvan
International Airport was temporarily closed but according to recent
reports, it is now reopened and some flights have resumed. Canadians should
contact the airline before traveling. Phone service was restored and
Internet connections are now working. Mobile phone service is still
unavailable for international calls. Security forces are on the streets in
Kathmandu.

"Maoist insurgents have warned that there will be strikes and blockades at
the local and regional level from March 14 to April 1, 2005. They have also
called for a nationwide bandh (general strike) in the subsequent period,
from April 2 to 12. Taxis, buses, and other forms of public transportation
will likely be disrupted. Transportation to and from airports may be
affected. Road travel will be disrupted and road blockades are possible.
Travelers should avoid road travel and public buses during or immediately
preceding bandhs. Bandhs are usually peaceful but can erupt into riots and
violence. ..."

Serbia - Montenegro: On 8 March 2005, the U.S. Department of State released
the following Warden Message about possible demonstrations in Kosovo: "U.S.
Office Pristina (USOP) wishes to alert American citizens in Kosovo,
particularly Pristina, to the possibility of protest demonstrations in
reaction to news about International Criminal Tribunal for the Former
Yugoslavia (ICTY) proceedings. While we are not aware of any scheduled
demonstrations at this time, we wish to remind American citizens that even
demonstrations intended to be peaceful can turn confrontational and
possibly escalate into violence. American citizens are therefore urged to
avoid the areas of demonstrations if possible, and to exercise caution
within the vicinity of any demonstrations. ..."

Lebanon: On 14 March 2005, the U.S. Embassy in Beirut issued the following
Warden Message: "The U.S. Embassy will be closed for consular services on
Tuesday, March 15, 2005, starting at 11:00 am, due to expected
demonstrations in the area. The Embassy cautions U.S. citizens to avoid
large gatherings and demonstrations. Even demonstrations intended to be
peaceful can turn into confrontational situations and possibly escalate
into violence. U.S. citizens are reminded to maintain a high level of
vigilance and to take appropriate steps to increase their security
awareness. ..."

Middle East And North Africa: On 14 March 2005, the U.S. Department of
State issued the following Public Announcement for the Middle East and
North Africa: "This Public Announcement is being updated to alert Americans
to ongoing security concerns in the region. U.S. citizens are reminded to
maintain a high level of vigilance and to take appropriate steps to
increase their security awareness. This Public Announcement supersedes the
Public Announcement issued on November 11, 2004, and expires on September
13, 2005.

"The Department of State continues to warn of the possibility for violent
actions against U.S. citizens and interests in the region. Anti-American
violence could include possible terrorist actions against aviation, ground
transportation and maritime interests, specifically in the Middle East,
including the Red Sea, Persian Gulf, the Arabian Peninsula and North
Africa.

"The Department is concerned that extremists may be planning to carry out
attacks against Westerners and oil workers in the Gulf region. Armed
attacks targeting foreign nationals in Saudi Arabia that resulted in many
deaths and injuries, including U.S. citizens, appear to have been preceded
by extensive surveillance. Extremists may be surveilling Westerners,
particularly at hotels, housing areas and rental car facilities. Potential
targets may include U.S. contractors, particularly those related to
military interests.

"Credible information has indicated terrorist groups seek to continue
attacks against U.S. interests in the Middle East. Terrorist actions may
include bombings, hijackings, hostage taking, kidnappings and
assassinations. While conventional weapons such as explosive devices are a
more immediate threat in many areas, use of non-conventional weapons,
including chemical or biological agents must be considered a possible
threat. Terrorists do not distinguish between official and civilian
targets. Increased security at official U.S. facilities has led terrorists
and their sympathizers to seek softer targets such as public
transportation, residential areas, and public areas where people congregate
including restaurants, hotels, clubs, and shopping areas. ..."

Syria: On 8 March 2005, the U.S. Department of State released the following
Warden Message for Syria: "The Embassy has received information that there
may be a large gathering in support of President Assad on Wednesday, March
9, at 2:00 pm.

"The rally may occur in front of the Al-Jalaa' sports stadium on the
Autostrad in Damascus. This stadium is near the intersection on the
Autostrad where many residents turn to go to East and West Mezzeh.

"It is not known if this rally will have any anti-American character.
However, the Embassy advises all U.S. citizens to avoid large gatherings
and demonstrations of any sort. U.S. citizens are advised to avoid the
Al-Jalaa' stadium area on Wednesday, March 9. ...."

Yemen: The U.S. Embassy in Sanaa issued the following Warden Message on 9
March 2005: "The World Health Organization has advised the U.S. Embassy
that a dengue fever outbreak has afflicted the port cities of Hodeidah and
Mokha on the western coast of Yemen and the surrounding coastal area.
Estimates of the number of cases vary.

"With no specific treatment for dengue infection, any outbreak of this
mosquito-borne disease is a serious international public health concern. A
large share of dengue infections occur without symptoms at all, especially
in children. When symptoms appear they tend to feel like a severe case of
influenza. Approximately 1% of dengue infections result in a more severe
form of the infection called Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) which has a 5%
case fatality rate. DHF tends to occur mostly in those who have had
previous dengue infections. Yemen's health services network does not have
adequate resources to mount a mosquito eradication campaign, nor the
resources to systematically identify and treat suspected cases when they
occur.

"The Embassy's Regional Medical Officer recommends avoiding travel to the
Hodeidah region until better estimates on the scale of the outbreak are
available. If travel is necessary, avoid mosquito bites through the use of
insect repellents. ..."

Rwanda: On 8 March 2005, the U.S. Department of State issued the following
Warden Message concerning the continuing insurgency in Northwest Rwanda:
"The Embassy continues to monitor the security situation in Rwanda. Due to
continuing Rwandan military activity and insurgent attacks in recent
months, American citizens living in or planning to visit Rwanda should be
aware of possible threats to their safety from recent insurgent activity,
and are advised to avoid travel to the following areas in northwestern
Rwanda until further notice:

"Mutura commune in Gisenyi province; Parc National des Volcans (Volcanoes
National Park), where the mountain gorillas are viewed; and the village of
Kinigi, in Ruhengeri province, near the Parc National des Volcans.

"In November 2004, several rockets detonated in Rwerere commune, Gisenyi
province, near the Volcanoes National Park on Rwanda's northwestern border
with the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), resulting in at least one
civilian injury. The Government of Rwanda has blamed the DRC-based
Democratic Liberation Forces of Rwanda (FDLR) for the incident and has
threatened reprisals. There continue to be reports of heightened military
activity in eastern Congo, along the DRC's border with Rwanda. There are
also reports of continued infiltrations of rebels into northwestern Rwanda.

"Rwandan rebel factions with anti-Western and anti-American ideologies are
known to operate in areas of the DRC that border Rwanda. One such rebel
group is believed to be responsible for the March 1999 kidnapping and
murder of two American and six other tourists in the Bwindi Impenetrable
Forest in southwestern Uganda, as well as the August 1998 abduction of
three tourists in a DRC national park bordering Uganda. These groups are
reported to be among the current infiltrators into northwestern Rwanda.

"Due to insurgent activity, the U.S. Embassy continues to urge American
citizens to exercise caution when traveling on roads through Nyungwe Forest
in southwestern Rwanda, near the border with Burundi.

"Due to improved security, the U.S. Embassy has lifted its previous
restriction on traveling on the main road connecting Ruhengeri, Rwanda, and
the border post at Bunagana, Uganda."

Worldwide: The U.S. Department of State issued the following worldwide
Public Announcement on 9 March 2005. The statement reads as follows: "This
Public Announcement is being updated to remind U.S. citizens of the
continuing threat of terrorist actions and anti-American violence against
U.S. citizens and interests overseas. This supersedes the Worldwide Caution
dated September 10, 2004 and expires on September 7, 2005.

"The Department of State is deeply concerned about the continued threat of
terrorist attacks against U.S. citizens and interests abroad, as well as
the potential for demonstrations and violent actions against U.S. citizens
and interests overseas. U.S. citizens are reminded that demonstrations and
rioting can occur at any time. In reaction to the execution of hostages in
Iraq, there have been demonstrations and associated violence in the
hostages' country of origin. While Americans are generally not the targets
in such incidents, U.S. citizens could be caught up in the violence. U.S.
citizens are reminded to maintain a high level of vigilance and to take
appropriate steps to increase their security awareness.

"The Department of State remains concerned by indications that al-Qaida and
affiliated groups continue to prepare to strike U.S. interests abroad.
Al-Qaida and its associated organizations have struck in Europe, Asia,
Africa and the Middle East. Future al-Qaida attacks could possibly involve
non-conventional weapons such as chemical or biological agents as well as
conventional weapons of terror, to include explosive devices.

"Terrorist actions may include, but are not limited to assassinations,
hijackings, bombings or kidnappings. These may involve aviation and other
transportation and maritime interests. Terrorists do not distinguish
between official and civilian targets. These may include facilities where
U.S. citizens and other foreigners